SS-31 (Elamipretide / Bendavia / MTP-131) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide (D-Arg-2′,6′-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2) that selectively accumulates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. CAS: 1263046-00-1 | MW: 640.76 g/mol. Supplied as a white lyophilised powder at ≥99% purity (HPLC-verified). Contains D-amino acids and dimethyltyrosine for enhanced proteolytic stability.

Research Background

SS-31 was developed by Dr. Hazel Siu and Professor Peter Schiller at the Montreal Clinical Research Institute as part of the Szeto-Schiller (SS) peptide series. The design uses alternating aromatic/cationic amino acids creating selective inner mitochondrial membrane uptake independent of membrane potential – distinguishing it from TPP-based mitochondrial targeting agents. SS-31 has progressed through multiple clinical trials (heart failure, renal conditions), providing substantial translational research data alongside extensive preclinical literature.

Mechanism of Action & Research Applications

Primary molecular target is cardiolipin – a four-acyl-chain phospholipid found almost exclusively in mitochondrial membranes. Key research findings:

• Cytochrome c retention: Prevents cardiolipin peroxidation-driven cytochrome c release – a key apoptotic initiation step
• ETC efficiency: Cardiolipin is structurally essential for Complexes I, III, IV and ATP synthase; SS-31 cardiolipin interaction improves ETC supercomplex organisation and electron transfer efficiency
• ROS reduction: Improved electron transport reduces electron leak and superoxide production at Complexes I and III
• Cristae architecture: Effects on mitochondrial cristae morphology documented in treated cell models

Storage & Handling

• Long-term storage: -20°C (lyophilised stable 24+ months)
• Short-term storage: 2-8°C for up to 4 weeks after reconstitution
• Reconstitution: Sterile water or PBS; dissolves readily (cationic nature)
• Handling: Standard peptide; aliquot; protect from light; D-amino acid content provides excellent proteolytic stability

Related Research Compounds

Mitochondrial biology panel: MOTS-C 40mg, NAD+ 500mg, and SLU-PP-332 5mg.

For research use only. Not for human or animal consumption. Not a medicinal product.